Topic wise MCQ test for MH-CET and NEET
5. Origin and Evolution of Life
1. Genetic drift operates in…………..
(a) small isolated population
(b)
large isolated population
(c) nonreproductive population
(d)
slow reproductive population.
Answer: - (a) small isolated population
2. In HardyWeinberg equation,
the frequency of heterozygous individual is represented by
(a) p 2
(b) 2pq
(c) pq
(d) q 2 .
Answer: - (b)
2pq
3. What was the most
significant trend in the evolution of modern man (Homo sapiens) from his
ancestors?
(a) Shortening of jaws
(b)
Binocular vision
(c) Increasing cranial capacity
(d)
Upright posture
Answer: - (c)
Increasing cranial capacity
4. Which of
the following is the correct sequence of
events in the origin of life?
I. Formation of protobionts
II. Synthesis of organic monomers
III. Synthesis of organic polymers
IV. Formation of DNAbased genetic systems
(a) I, II, III, IV
(b) I, III, II, IV
(c) II, III, I, IV
(d) II, III, IV, I
Answer: - (c)
II, III, I, IV
5. Which of the following
structures is homologus to the wing of a bird?
(a) Hindlimb of rabbit
(b)
Flipper of whale
(c) Dorsal fin of a shark
(d)
Wing of a moth
Answer: - (b) Flipper of whale
6. Analogous structures are a
result of
(a) shared ancestry
(b) stabilising
selection
(c) divergent evolution
(d) convergent evolution.
Answer: - (d)
convergent evolution.
7. Following are the two
statements regarding the origin of life.
(A) The earliest organisms that appeared on the earth were non-green and presumably anaerobes.
(B) The first autotrophic organisms were the chemoautotrophs that never released oxygen. Of the above statements which one of the following options is correct?
(a) Both (A) and (B) are correct.
(b)
Both (A) and (B) are false.
(c) (A) is correct but (B) is false.
(d) (B) is correct but (A) is false.
Answer: - (a)
Both (A) and (B) are correct.
8. The wings of a bird and the
wings of an insect are
(a) phylogenetic structures and represent divergent evolution
(b) homologous structures and represent convergent evolution
(c) homologous structures and represent divergent evolution
(d) analogous structures and represent convergent evolution
Answer: - (d)
analogous structures and represent convergent evolution
9. Industrial melanism is an
example of
(a) mutation
(b) Neo Lamarckism
(c) Neo Darwinism
(d) natural
selection.
Answer: - (d) natural selection.
10. A population will not exist in Hardy Weinberg equilibrium if
(a) there is no migration
(b) the
population is large
(c) individuals mate selectively
(d) there
are no mutations.
Answer: - (c)
individuals mate selectively
11. Which is the most common
mechanism of genetic variation in the population of a sexually reproducing organism?
(a) Genetic drift
(b) Recombination
(c) Transduction
(d) Chromosomal aberrations
Answer: - (b) Recombination
12. Which of the following had
the smallest brain capacity?
(a) Homo neanderthalensis
(b) Homo habilis
(c) Homo erectus
(d) Homo sapiens
Answer: - (b) Homo habilis
13. In a population of 1000
individuals 360 belong to genotype AA, 480 to Aa and the remaining 160 to aa. Based on this data, the frequency of allele A in the population
is
(a) 0.4
(b) 0.5
(c) 0.6
(d) 0.7.
Answer: - (c) 0.6
14. Forelimbs of cat, lizard
used in walking; forelimbs of whale used in swimming and forelimbs of bats used in flying are an example of
(a) analogous organs
(b) adaptive radiation
(c) homologous organs
(d) convergent evolution.
Answer: - (c)
homologous organs
15. Which one of the following
are analogous structures?
(a) Wings of bat and wings of pigeon
(b) Gills of prawn and lungs of man
(c) Thorns of Bougainvillea and tendrils of Cucurbita
(d) Flippers of dolphin and legs of horse
Answer: - (b)
Gills of prawn and lungs of man
16. According to Darwin, the
organic evolution is due to
(a) competition within closely related species
(b) reduced feeding efficiency in one species due to the presence of interfering species
(c) intraspecific competition
(d) interspecific competition.
Answer: - (c)
intraspecific competition
17. The tendency of population
to remain in genetic equilibrium may be disturbed by
(a) lack of mutations
(b)
lack of random mating
(c) random mating
(d)
lack of migration.
Answer: - (b) lack of random mating
18. Variation in gene
frequencies within populations can occur by chance rather than by natural selection. This is referred to as
(a) random mating
(b) genetic load
(c) genetic flow
(d) genetic
drift.
Answer: - (d)
genetic drift.
19. The process by which
organisms with different evolutionary history evolve similar phenotypic adaptations in response to a common environmental challenge,
is called
(a) nonrandom evolution
(b)
adaptive radiation
(c) natural selection
(d)
convergent evolution.
Answer: - (d)
convergent evolution
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20. The eye of octopus and eye
of cat show different patterns of structure, yet they perform similar function. This is an example of
(a) analogous organs that have evolved due to convergent evolution.
(b) analogous organs that have evolved due to divergent evolution.
(c) homologous organs that have evolved due to convergent evolution.
(d) homologous organs that have evolved due to divergent evolution.
Answer: - (a)
analogous organs that have evolved due to convergent evolution.
21. Random unidirectional
change in allele frequencies that occurs by chance in all populations and especially in small populations is known as
(a) migration
(b) natural selection
(c) genetic drift
(d) mutation.
Answer: - (c) genetic drift
22. Genetic variation in a
population arises due to
(a) recombination only
(b)
mutation as well as recombination
(c) reproductive isolation and selection
(d) mutations only.
Answer: - (b) mutation as well as recombination
23. Dinosaurs dominated the
world in which of the following geological eras?
(a) Cenozoic
(b) Jurassic
(c) Mesozoic
(d) Devonian
Answer: - (b) Jurassic
24. The finch species of
Galapagos islands are grouped according to their food sources. Which of the following is not a finch food?
(a) Carrion
(b) Insects
(c) Tree buds
(d) Seeds
Answer: - (a) Carrion
25. Evolution of different
species in a given area starting from a point and spreading to other geographical areas is known as………………..
(a) adaptive radiation
(b) natural selection
(c) migration
(d) divergent evolution.
Answer: -(a) adaptive radiation
26.What was the
most significant trend in the
evolution of modern man (Homo sapiens) from
his ancestors?
(a) Shortening of jaws
(b) Binocular vision
(c) Increasing cranial capacity
(d) Upright posture
Answer: - (c) Increasing cranial capacity
27.
The idea of mutations was brought forth by
(a) Hugo de Vries who worked on evening primrose
(b) Gregor Mendel who worked on Pisum sativum
(c) Hardy Weinberg who worked on allele frequencies in a population
(d) Charles Darwin who observed a wide variety of organisms during sea voyage.
Answer: - (a) Hugo
de Vries who worked on evening primrose
28.The most apparent
change during the
evolutionary history of Homo sapiens is traced
in
(a) loss of body hair
(b)
walking upright
(c) shortening of the jaws
(d) remarkable increase in the brain size
Answer: - (d) remarkable increase in the brain size
29.
Peripatus is a connecting link between
(a) mollusca and echinodermata
(b)
annelida and arthropoda
(c) coelenterata and porifera
(d) ctenophora and platyhelminthes.
Answer: - (b)
annelida and arthropoda
30.
In the case of peppered moth (Biston betularia)
the blackcoloured form became dominant over
the lightcoloured form in England during
industrial revolution. This is an example of
(a) appearance of the darker coloured individuals due to very poor sunlight
(b) protective mimicry
(c) inheritance of darker colour character acquired due to the darker environment
(d) natural selection whereby the darker forms were selected.
Answer: - (d) natural selection whereby the darker forms were selected
Origin and Evolution of Life
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